Child abuse and neglect in orphanages in EAST JAVA Province (Study on forms of child abuse, anticipatory efforts developed children and the role of the orphanage)

Abstract

This study examines the forms of abuse and neglect experienced by children living in orphanages in East Java Province, efforts by children in orphanages to deal with the acts of abuse experienced, and the role of the orphanage or the Child Social Welfare Institution (LKSA) in providing protection and fulfillment of the rights of abandoned children. The research was conducted in five cities namely Surabaya, Malang, Nganjuk, Madiun, and Probolinggo. The number of respondents in each district/city as many as 100 children, in addition to in-depth interviews were conducted on 2–3 informants caretaker and caregiver in each orphanage to get data about the institution. The results show that almost all facilities for children in orphanages are satisfactory but they still experience abuse, especially physical and psychological abuse. The perpetrators of the violence are caregivers, friends, and seniors. To realize the condition of the child-friendly home, there needs to be an effort to foster commitment and understanding in relation to child care activities both among carers and nursing parlors based on child protection efforts and fight for the fulfillment of children's rights and not just services. The efforts of parenting should not only focus on the needs of the child (need based), but the fulfillment of children's rights.